- Greece is a mountainous peninsula
- 2000 islands in Greece
- 3 Seas, Aegean, Ionian, and Mediterranean
- polis: fundamental political unit, made up of a city and the surrounding countryside
monarchy: rule by a single person (a king, in Greece)
-aristocracy: rule by a small group of noble, very rich, landowning families
-oligarchy: wealthy groups, dissatisfied with aristocratic rule, who seized power (often with military help)
-tyrant: powerful individual who seized control by appealing to the common people for support
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